The Peter-Weiss-Stiftung für Kunst und Politik call upon cultural and political institutions, schools, universities, NGOs, information centers and self-help groups, the media and interested parties to participate in a Worldwide Reading for the end of the catastrophic war on drugs and for a new drug policy in a plea to decriminalize its consumers and find modern strategies to control access to drugs.
APPEAL
The Peter-Weiss-Stiftung für Kunst und Politik call upon cultural and political institutions, schools, universities, NGOs, information centers and self-help groups, the media and interested parties to participate in a Worldwide Reading for the end of the catastrophic war on drugs and for a new drug policy in a plea to decriminalize its consumers and find modern strategies to control access to drugs.
The recommendations published by the “Global Commission on Drug Policy” in 2011 and 2017 should be read and can be found online in multiple languages at http://www.globalcommissionondrugs.org/reports/the-war-on-drugs/ and http://www.globalcommissionondrugs.org/reports/changing-perceptions/.
______________________________________________
The “war on drugs” declared by Richard Nixon in 1971 has been lost – a conclusion made by thousands of NGOs, politicians, and scientists around the world, including the aforementioned Global Commission, whose members include, in addition to former heads of state, Kofi Annan and Nobel Prize for Literature winner Mario Vargas Llosa.
The attempts across the world to prohibit and outlaw certain drugs are over 100 years old: During the first International Opium Conference in 1912, an opium convention treaty was signed that went into force in 1919 as part of the Treaty of Versailles. Over the years, more and more psychoactive substances were covered by these treaties. Eventually, at the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs in 1961, most of the world’s nations committed to legally restricting the availability of narcotics. Exceptions could only be made for scientific or medical purposes. Over 100 years of attempts at global drug control should be enough of a reason to take stock of the situation: What has been achieved? What should, shouldn’t, and can’t be achieved? Who benefits from this prohibition policy, which obstacles stand in the way of regulating psychotropic substances, and how can they be overcome? In their report, the Global Commission on Drug Policy concludes that the prohibition policy has not seen the desired success: Despite global prohibition, drugs are everywhere and easy to access – even in prisons. The worldwide consumption of opiates rose by 34.5 per cent between 1998 and 2008, that of cocaine rose by 27 per cent, and that of cannabis 8.5 per cent. Prohibition stabilizes illegal drug markets worldwide and ensures unbelievable profits for organized crime. Yet, the legalization of the sale of certain drugs could allow for high tax revenues, with which – similar to the legal drugs tobacco and alcohol – awareness and prevention work could be funded. Moreover, taking this step would significantly reduce the illegal drug trade and the criminal activity that accompanies it.
Considering the escalating drug war that is especially visible in Mexico and other Latin American nations as well as large parts of South Africa and Asia, and the drug-induced geopolitical shifts (individual economies are completely dependent on the drug trade), it must be observed that prohibition and organized crime have an impact on large parts of the world. The death penalty is being increasingly used in the fight against drugs: According to Amnesty International, in 2017, 15 countries imposed or enforced the death penalty for drug crimes. Ten of 16 Asian nations issued the death penalty for drug-related offenses last year. With 264 executions, in 2017 more people were executed for drug offenses in North Africa and the Middle East than in any other region in the world. In the Philippines, the “war against drugs” has escalated since the election of Rodrigo Duterte, who has authorized lynch mobs by the citizens and the police. The number of extrajudicial executions has jumped dramatically. The residents of poor districts are especially affected. Lawyers, journalists, human rights activists, socially or religiously active people, or people who were “simply” in the wrong place at the wrong time have also landed in the state killers’ sights. This makes it obvious that systematic human rights violations and the destabilization of democracy are significant and inevitable effects of prohibition. Recently, in the USA, President Trump has called for the death penalty against drug dealers. How many people still have to die in this drug war, how many people must yet suffer damages to their health as so-called collateral damage?
In the face of the still-growing armament in the “war against drugs” and the attempt to make the populace believe this war can still be won, the question of how much sense the violent confrontations and prohibition make is raised more and more often. Globally, numerous initiatives, associations, parties, and prominent figures are calling for alternatives to the drug control model that is based on criminal punishment, pointing to the many negative consequences of the current drug politics that are dominated by repression.
The global prohibition has mainly resulted in the punishment, stigmatization, and discrimination of drug addicts and drug consumers. They are first and foremost criminals and not people who would need therapeutic help if they were addicted or whose decision to consume certain drugs must be accepted. Consumers of certain – illegal – drugs are excluded from participating in society, they are socially ostracized and exposed to health risks. Criminalization alone leads to people who attempt to live a “normal life” or satisfy their addiction or their recreational consumption finding themselves at the mercy of the authorities on the one hand and the black market on the other. Prohibition results in people being subjected to health risks by laced drugs and to social and legal risks by criminal prosecution. Both risks can be avoided with intelligent drug control policies centered on the protection of consumers and children and a health policy based on scientific facts.
The goal of every drug policy should be the prevention and reduction of damages from the consumption of psychotropic substances, the development of realistic and target-group specific education, and the prevention of the stigmatization of drug consumers. People who consume drugs should thus be equally and fully allowed to participate in and help shape all societal processes, independent of individual abilities, ethnic and social background, gender, or age.
Under this approach, the focus is on the health and social living conditions of the consumers, as well as the restoration of the credibility of all preventative efforts in the face of the debatable prohibition of drugs. But basic societal values are also being threatened; freedoms are being restricted which, to no comprehensible and reasonable extent, are neither connected with the intended aims nor with the “successes” of drug prohibition. Human rights are violated.
Therefore, we should begin to understand and take seriously drug use as a reality of human culture. Drugs fulfill a variety of functions: to satisfy the demands of daily life, to compensate for burdens, to experience pleasure, etc. We should nevertheless lay the focus of health policies and research more strongly on the causes of drug consumption in general and the addiction to drugs in particular: Living and working conditions must be examined and changed with regard to the addiction-causing structures, the health risks of the indeterminable purity of drugs must be dismantled, and people need to be better educated. The prohibition policy, however, stands in the way of an open and honest consideration of the handling of drugs in our society and the background and reasons for addiction
Drug problems must be handled from a health, not a criminal-political, standpoint. What could first be done is the implementation of national special commissions made up of independent experts that examine the effects and (unintended) side effects of the prohibition policy: What are the costs and damages of prohibition? How do the illegal drug consumers and addicts suffer under drug prohibition? How have liberal values and democratic structures been affected? What other collateral damages can be registered?
Furthermore, we need to decriminalize drug consumers as soon as possible! They should above all be offered consultation and treatment, as is already being done in Portugal. There, handling quantities for personal consumption has not been a criminal offense since 2001 – without Portugal sinking under “drug squalor.” The majority (circa 75%) of the over 300,000 drug-related offenses in Germany, for example, are ‘consumer-related’, meaning they are about quantities for personal use. A rational drug policy is needed that is based on scientific evidence and respect for human rights, instead of the outdated century-old belief in the enforceability of universal drug prohibition.
Make your voice heard! Sign the petition and take part in the worldwide reading! For the drug war to end, consumers of drugs must be decriminalized and access to drugs must be regulated by intelligent control strategies.
If you are able to organize a reading in your location, please write to:
worldwidereading@literaturfestival.com
Prior to November 24, we will announce the planned readings on the website www.worldwide-reading.com and report afterwards.
*On this day, the most important book fair in Latin America this year will begin in Guadalajara, Mexico.
SIGNATORIES
Gémino H. Abad (Philippines), Hector Abad (Colombia), Kader Abdolah (Iran/Netherlands), Melinda Nadj Abondji (Switzerland), Naman P. Ahuja (India), Matthieu Aikins (USA), Daher Aita (Syria/Germany), Rabai Al Madhoun (Palestine/UK), Kheder Alagha (Syria/Germany), Martin Amis (UK/USA), Dietlind Antretter (Austria/USA), Uzma Aslam Khan (Pakistan), Tozan Alkan (Turkey), Homero Aridjis (Mexico), Ayo Ayoola-Amale (Nigeria), Alberto Barrera Tyszks (Venezuela), Nurcan Baysal (Turkey), Gioconda Belli (Nicaragua), Bianca Bagatourian (Armenia), Zsofia Ban (Brazil/Hungary), Gaston Bellemare (Canada), Carol Bensimon (Brazil), Carmen Berenguer (Chile), Charles Bernstein (USA), Inam Bioud (Algeria), Meriam Bousselmi (Tunisia), John Burnside (UK), Hans Christoph Buch (Germany), Coral Bracho (Mexico), Emma Braslavsky (Germany), Anneke Brassinga (Netherlands), Lydia Cacho (Mexico), Antonino Caponnetto (Italy), Rafael Cardoso (Brazil), Magda Carneci (Romania), Brian Castro (Australia), Yiorgos Chouliaras (Greece), Amir Hassan Cheheltan (Iran), Jennifer Clement (USA/Mexico), Karen Connelly (Canada), Sophie Cooke (UK), Beppe Costa (Italy), Robin de Crespigny (Australia), Lorella Crivellaro (Italy), Jiri Dedecek (Czech Republic), Jevgenij Demenok (Ukraine), Radka Denemarkova (Czech Republic), Patrick Deville (France), Adriaan van Dis (Netherlands), Ariel Dorfman (Chile), Philine Edbauer (Germany), Friedhelm Eggers (Germany), Asif Farrukhi (Pakistan), Alvaro Galves (Guatemala), Ilaria Gasperi (Italy), Kyra Giorgi (Australia), Jon Gnarr (Island), Josué Guébo (Ivory Coast), Uwe-Michael Gutzschhahn (Germany), Rawi Hage (Lebanon/Canada), Mohammed Hanif (Pakistan), JoeAnn Hart (USA), Milton Hatoum (Brazil), Bregje Hofstede (Netherlands), Rolf Hosfeld (Germany), Stanka Hrastelj (Slowenia), Iman Humaydan (Lebanon/France), Tendai Huchu (Zimbabwe/Scotland), Jurki K. Ihalainen (Finland), Rashidah Ismaili (Benin/USA), Elfriede Jelinek (Austria), Birgitta Jonsdottir (Iceland), Lieve Joris (Belgium), Pierre Joris (Luxembourg/USA), Peter Jungk (Austria/France), Lorenz Just (Germany), Hilde Susan Jaegtnes (Norway), Rambharos Jha (India), Samir Kacimi (Algeria), Noor Kanj (Syria/Germany), Manju Kapur (India), Waqas Khawaja (Ireland), Boris Khersonskij (Ukraine), Martin Kieren (Germany), Artur Klinau (Belarus), Gerd Koenen (Germany), Hasso Krull (Estonia), Vyacheslav Kupriyanov (Russia), Jonas Lüscher (Switzerland/Germany), Jagoda Marinic (Germany), Paul McVeigh (Irland/UK), Maaza Mengiste (Ethiopia/USA), Julia Meisner (Germany), Amanda Michalopoulou (Greece), Myriam Montoya (Colombia), Winston Morales Chavarro (Colombia), Jochem Müller (Germany), Aju Mukhopadhyay (India), Simon Mundy (UK), Verónica Murguía (Mexico), Ramita Navai (Iran), Quito Nicolaas (Aruba/Netherlands), Mukoma Wa Ngugi (Kenya), Leonardo Onida (Italy), Galvarino Orellana (Chile/Sweden), Jorge Palma (Uruguay), Orhan Pamuk (Turkey/USA), Don Paterson (Scotland), Francine Prose (USA), John Ralston Saul (Canada), Ahmed Rashid (Pakistan), Antje Ravic Strubel (Germany), Laura Restrepo (Mexico), David Van Reybrouck (Belgium), Alberto Ruy Sanchez (Mexico), Antonio Della Rocca (Italy), Santiago Roncagliolo (Peru/Spain), Said (Germany), Alejandro Sánchez-Aizcorbe (Peru), Agus R. Sarjono (Indonesia), K. Satchidanandan (India), Gabor Schein (Hungary), Jochen Schimmang (Germany), Bettina Schinko (Germany), Eduardo Sgulia (Argentina), Mohammad Shakour Alghnash (USA), Tajima Shinji (Japan), Rachna Singh Davidar (India), Catarina Sobral (Portugal), Ersi Sotiropoulos (Greece), Heino Stöver (Germany), Rick Stroud (UK), Pia Tafdrup (Denmark), Magali Tercero (Mexico), Shashi Tharoor (India), Imre Török (Hungary/Germany), Anja Tuckermann (Germany), Fariba Vafi (Iran), Mario Vargas Llosa (Peru/Spain), Haris Vlavianos (Greece), Varujan Vosganian (Romania), Keto von Waberer (Germany), Debi Wodraska-Alghnash (USA), John Wray (USA/Austria), Lyuba Yakimchuk (Ukraine), Viktor Yerofejew (Russia), Abraham Zere (Eritrea/USA), Jovan Zivlak (Serbia), Michael Zürn (Germany)
TEXTS
The recommendations published by the “Global Commission on Drug Policy” in 2011 and 2017 should be read and can be found online in multiple languages. (Via click on the year)
PARTICIPANTS
AUSTRIA
Organiser: FREIRAD – Freies Radio Innsbruck
Venue: –
Time: 24.11., 13 Uhr
Participants: tbc
Website: http://www.freirad.at/
BELGIUM
Organiser: Peter Muyshondt
Venue: Lokale Politie Voorkempen; Vaartdijk 15; 2960 Brecht (Belgien)
Time: tbc
Participants: tbc
Website: https://www.facebook.com/Miau.Schoeneberger.Kultursalon/ und http://portaroja.com/
GERMANY
Organiser: #mybrainmychoice
Venue: Vétomat, Wühlischstraße 42, 10247 Berlin
Time: Einlass: 19:30 Uhr, Beginn: 20:00 Uhr, ab 22:00 Uhr Drinks. Eintritt frei.
Website: https://mybrainmychoice.de
Organiser: Hanf Museum Berlin
Venue: Mühlendamm 5, 10178 Berlin
Time: 16:00 Uhr: Lesung aus Hans Gerog Behrs “Von Hanf ist die Rede”,, 16:20 Uhr Pause, 16:30 Uhr Diskussion
Participants: Rolf Ebbinghaus
Website: https://www.hanfmuseum.de/
Organiser: Thomas Felber
Venue: Buch & Cafe Lentner, Balanstr. 14, 81669 München
Time: tbc
Participants: tbc
Website:
Organiser: akzept e.V., comeback gmbh
Venue: Kontakt- und Beratungszentrum comeback, Rembertiring 2, 28195 Bremen
Time: 11am
Participants: Wolfgang Adlhoch, Prof. Dr. Heino Stöver
Website: www.akzept.org
MALAWI
Organiser: Charles Christie Mulaga
Venue:TBC
Time: tbc
Participants: tbc
Website:
SPAIN
Organiser: Kultursalon Madame Schoscha unter der Leitung von Kathrin Schadt
Venue: Porta Roja, Carrer de Tapioles 53 Bajos, 08004 Barcelona
Time: 07.30 pm
Participants: Esther Andradi (Argentina), Kathrin Schadt (Germany), Hilary Otto (England), Luz Casino (Argentina), Marlene Denis Valle (Cuba), Diana y Alma Reza (México), Laura Freijo (Spain), Sonia García (México), Rosy Soñé (México), Pía Sommer (Chile) + musikalische Begleitung Ladidet López Vélez (México)
Website: https://www.facebook.com/Miau.Schoeneberger.Kultursalon/ und http://portaroja.com/
UK
Organiser: Harry Shapiro
Venue:
Time:
Participants:
Website:
USA
Organiser: Debi Wodraska-Alghnash, Salon des Arts St. Louis
Venue: The Focal Point, 2720 Sutton Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63143
Time: 11.00 am – 04.00 pm
Participants: Debi Wodraska-Alghnash
Website:
Organiser: Dan Brady
Venue: Sacred Grounds Café, 2095 Hayes Street, San Francisco 94117
Time: 21. November
Participants: Live-Strams
Website: http://www.ustream.tv/channel/sacred-Grounds-cafe and http://www.creativeideasforyou.com/SacredGrounds_YouTube.htm